Let's continue to find out how Cameron plans to work through this Bibliography Blunder.

Cameron knew the only way to organize his bibliography was to reconstruct his source cards.  He dug through his bookbag to find the MLA directions his teacher had provided.

As you work through this lesson, look in this section (between the two cameras)  for movie trivia tidbits that Cameron discovered during his research. He'd like to share them with you.

Cameron scanned a stinky source card, but part of it was smudged.   He furiously flipped through his guidelines to review what information should be included on this card.

Some of the first moving-image devices had names such as zoetrope (zoeŽ trop) and zoopraxiscope.
(zoo prax i scope)

Cameron reviewed the MLA guidelines for a book. As he reviewed his next reeking source card, he realized he had recorded some of the information out of order. 

He needs to rearrange his information when he rewrites this card.
Where  should the Place of Publication be?

Do you know which year the first motion picture cameras were invented?
                      

The next source card's obnoxious odor overwhelmed Cameron as he realized he had omitted some information.   Obviously, he'd made some blunders of his own.

During the first twenty years of the Silent Film Era movies were only a few minutes long.  They were seen at carnivals, lecture halls, churches, and later in movie halls. 

Cameron quickly looked over the remaining replusive cards.
He realized he had two source cards for the same reference. He had used the CD-Rom article in his report, so once again he reviewed his MLA guidelines.

By 1920, the silent films were longer and more complex, and  filmmaking had become an art form.  However, these silent movies were anything but silent.  Most were accompanied by piano or organ music, and some were narrated by live actors.

Spaghetti stains concealed most of the information on the next source card.  "Why did each type of source require such varied information?" Cameron grumbled to himself as he looked over the next set of guidlines.

Filmmaking technology was caught up in the Industrial Revolution, and by the late 1920's recorded sound changed motion pictures forever. Newsreels, musicals, and gangster movies offered a greater variety for audiences.

Feeling fatigued and as filthy as his source cards, Cameron realized his concentration was fading.  With fuzzy eyes he consulted the guidelines once again.

Some silent movies were dramatic, but the comedies ruled. Slapstick comedy emerged when Mack Sennett formed the Keystone Company.  Charlie Chaplin, who is pictured in the background of this web page, was one of their most notable actors.

"What a numbskull!" he thought as he knocked himself on the head with his knuckles. He had neglected to record the author's last name first.

The people behind the scenes are just as important as the actors.  How a scene is shot, where it is shot, and how the actor portrays the character is decided by the director of the film. 

Now that his source cards are rewritten Cameron can complete his bibliography.   Let's read over his directions with him.

Film editors edit all the scenes of a movie after each day's shooting. Dailies are edited using the flatbed Moviola.  Today digital editing systems, are quickly making flatbeds obsolete.  What will the future hold for movie making technology?

Sleep beckoned Cameron and the words began to blur as he stared at the guidelines once more.

Movie scripts are called screenplays, and are written by a screenwriter.  Sometimes movie scripts are revised during the filming of the movie.  They are called rewrites. 

Sound effects are added to a film's sound track after the film has been edited. This job requires creative thinking and a great deal of ingenuity. 

Movie sets are designed and built in large studio buildings.  Engineers, carpenters, and painters all work together to create the illusion of being in a room or traveling through space.

In a way Cameron's sister did him a favor!  Had he not been forced to rummage for his work, he might have turned his his report with Blunders blemishing his bibliography.

Makeup artists, costume designers, prop managers and hundreds of other behind- the- scenes people contribute to making a movie enjoyable and entertaining.